CO2 emissions — France
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What does this chart show?
The blue curve is what's physically emitted on the country's soil — factories, cars, heating. The dashed orange curve (when available) is what's tied to everything people in the country buy and consume, including goods made elsewhere and imported.
Concrete example: an object made in a factory abroad, then bought and used here. Making it emitted CO2 where the factory is — that CO2 counts in that country's blue curve, not ours, since it wasn't emitted on our soil. But since we're the ones using the object, that CO2 really "belongs" to our consumption — that's what the orange curve tries to capture. If orange is above blue for a country, it means that country buys (and therefore causes emissions elsewhere) more CO2 than it emits itself on its own soil.
Important: neither blue nor orange is "the real one" — both count real CO2 emissions, just with two different rules for deciding who they belong to (where it's produced, or by whom it's consumed). And above all: they're never added together. They're not two pieces of one total — they're two ways of slicing up the same world total of emissions.
Methodological detail
The solid (blue) curve shows territorial emissions ("production-based"): what's physically emitted on the country's soil (factories, transport, heating, agriculture...). It does not include emissions tied to making imported goods — an object made abroad and consumed here counts in the manufacturing country's emissions, not ours. This is the method states use for their international commitments.
The dashed (orange) curve, when available, shows "consumption-based" emissions: territorial emissions, minus what's exported, plus what's imported — so it reflects imports. It only exists for some countries (the largest economies, with detailed enough trade data), and always lags one year behind territorial emissions.
In both cases, international aviation and shipping emissions aren't counted in any country's figures.
Source: Global Carbon Project, via Our World in Data (CC-BY). Automatic monthly refresh.